英语3000常用词用法详解词典

A

a [eI,E] / an[An,En] art. 1.一(个、张、件、本、块、首等)：I have a sister and two brothers. 我有一个妹妹和两个哥哥。2.(一类事物中的)任何一个，任何：A bicycle has two wheels. 自行车有两只轮子。3.(用于短语中表示价格、比率、速度等)每：115 miles an hour 每小时115英里 / Meetings are held four times a year. 每年举行四次会议。4.(用于指某人的职业)一位，一名：I want to be an actor. 我想做一名演员。5.用于数词前，相当于one：a thousand dollars 1000美元 6.用于表达数量的短语中，如：■a little 少量，少许：I’d like a little time to think about it please. 请给我一点时间将它考虑一下。a set of 一套，一副：We have a set of new glasses. 我们有一套新玻璃杯。a little bit 一点儿，少许：It will warm up a little on Sunday.星期日就会有点暖意了。a few (表示肯定)有些，几个：A few people were killed in the fire, but most were saved. 在那场火灾中，有几个人被烧死，但大部分人都得救了。a lot 很，非常，常常：He smokes a lot. 他抽烟很多。a lot of 大量，许多：She loves having a lot of kids round her. 她喜欢身边有许多小孩。a piece of 一片，一块：Please cut me a piece of cake. 请给我切一块蛋糕。

【用法】a 和an 是不定冠词，a 用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前。如：a picture (一张画)，an old man (一位老人)等。另外读音以元音音素开头的字母及字母缩略词(如 a, e, f, h, I, m, n, o, SOS, MBA 等)前若用不定冠词，要用an，不用a。

abbreviation[E:bri:vi5eIFn] n.[U]尤指单词等的)缩写形式：PRC is an abbreviation for “People’s Republic of China”. PRC是People’s Republic of China的缩写形式。 

able[5eIbl] adj. 有能力的，能干的：He is an able lawyer. 他是一位有才干的律师。/ She is old but still able. 她虽然老了但仍然很能干。■be able to 能，会：I am afraid I won’t be able to visit you on Saturday. 恐怕我无法在星期六来拜访您了。/ Are you able to speak a foreign language? 你能讲外语吗?/ I haven’t been able to get in touch with her. 我一直未能和她联系上。

about[E5baJt] prep.1.关于,对于：a book about American history 一本关于美国历史的书 / They are talking about their holiday. 他们正在谈论自己的假期。2.在…附近，在…周围：I saw it about here. 我在这附近看到过它。 3.大约，几乎：It’s about three miles from here to the city center. 从这里到市中心大约三英里。4.到处，附近，在周围：They walked about the streets. 他们在街上到处走走。■be about to do sth 即将做某事：I was about to go to sleep when someone knocked. 我正要睡觉突然有人敲门。How (What) about …的情况怎样：What about father? We can’t just leave him here. 父亲怎么办？我们可不能把他留在这里。

【用法】1.表示“大约”，通常用于数字前：I should suppose him to be about fifty. 我想他大约五十岁左右。2.在动词 know, hear, speak 等之后用不用介词 about，含义有差别：She knows him. 她认识他。/ She knows about him. 她知道有关他的情况。3. be about to (do)，意为“即将”“马上”。注意该短语不与具体的时间状语(soon, tomorrow, immediately等)连用：We are about to enter the freeway. 我们正好要上高速公路。不说：We are about to enter the freeway soon.

accessory[Ek5sesErI] n. [C]配件，饰品：accessories of a bicycle 自行车的附件

accident[5AksIdEnt] n. [C]交通事故，车祸：He had an accident some ten days ago. 他约10天前发生车祸。■by accident 偶然，意外地：I discovered the answer by accident. 我很偶然地发现了答案。/ I ran into an old friend of mine by accident. 我偶然碰上一位老朋友。

according to[E5kC:dIN tu:] prep. 根据，按照：According to my watch it is 10 o’clock. 按我的表是10点钟。/ According to the rules, you have to pay for it. 依照规定，你得赔偿。

【用法】 该介词短语通常只表示根据别人或别处，而不能表示根据自己，所以它不能用于第一人称，同时也很少用于第二人称，而主要用于第三人称。另外，其后习惯上不接 view (看法)和 opinion (意见)这类词，遇此情况可用 in one’s opinion。

accordion[E5kC:dIEn] n.[C]手风琴

achieve[E5tFi:v] v. 完成，取得：They’ve achieved what they set out to do. 他们已经完成了原来计划要做的事情。/ Without your help, I couldn’t have achieved all this. 要不是有你帮助，我不会取得这些成就。

achievement[E5tFi:vmEnt] n. 1. [U]完成，实现：the achievement of one’s goals 达到目标 / a feeling of achievement 成就感 2. [C]成就，功绩：He was proud of his daughter’s achievements. 他为女儿的成就自豪。

across[E5krRs] prep. 横过，在对面：She walked across the street. 她步行穿过街道。/ There is a bus stop just across the road. 在马路对面就有一个公交站。■across from 在…对面：The park is across from the church. 公园在教堂对面。

【辨析】across 与 through：两者均可表示“横过、穿过”，前者主要表示从某物的表面“横过”，涉及“面”的概念，而后者则指在里面或在一定空间范围内“穿过”，涉及“体”的概念，如：I drew a line across the page. 我在那一页上面画了一条横线。/ He walked through the forest alone. 他独自一人穿过森林。

【注意】across 是介词，注意不要与动词 cross (穿过)混淆。

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