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职高英语重点词汇详解:since | |||
作者:tjguang 文章来源:本站原创 点击数: 更新时间:2008-11-27 |
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职高英语重点词汇详解:since ■关于时态 不管用作介词、连词还是副词,句子(主句)谓语通常都与现在完成时连用。如: He has lived here since 1999. 自1999年以来,他就一直住在这儿。 He left home two weeks ago and we haven’t heard from him since. 他两周前离开了家,到现在我们一直没有他的消息。 Where have you been since I last saw? 自我上次见到你之后你到哪里去了? 注:有时可用其它时态的情况,但须注意: (1) 有时(特别是在口语中)可用过去时,但很不普通。建议初学者不要模仿。如: Since leaving home, he wrote to his parents just once. 离开家之后,他只给他父母写过一封信。 (2) 对于某些表示状态(如 seem 等)的动词,或因语义等方面的原因,有时可能用一般现在时比较现在完成时更合适。如: It seems like years since we last met. 我们似乎几年未见面了。 Since when does the $42 plus $5 service charge come to $48? 从什么什候开始42元加5元的服务费等于48元了? (3) 若不是指从过去持续到现在,而是指从较远的过去持续到在一个较近的过去,则用过去完成时。比较: He hasn’t eaten anything since Tuesday. 自星期二以来他一直未吃东西。(指从星期二至现在未吃东西) Yesterday he told me that he hadn’t eaten anything sinceTuesday. 他昨天告诉我自星期二以来他一直未吃任何东西。 (指从星期二至昨天未吃东西) (4) 表示时间长度时,通常用一般现在时代替现在完成时(在口语或非正式文体中通常用一般现在时,很少用现在完成时,即用 is 代替 has been)。如: It’s ten years since he left here. 他离开这儿已10年了。 How long is it since you arrived? 你到来多久了? ■关于后续词 用作介词,其后除可接名词代词外,有时可接介词短语。比较: He had been there since her death. 自从她死以来他就一直在那儿。 He had been there since before her death. 自从她死以前他就一直在那儿。 有时可接 then, when。如: He’s been ill since then. 自那以来他一直病着。 Since when have you lived here? 从什么时候开始你就住在这里了? 像一般介词一样,其后也可接动名词( 注意动名词的逻辑主语应是句子主语)。比较: 自上次写信以来我已收到她三封来信。 正:I’ve had three letters from her since I wrote last. 正:I’ve had three letters from her since writing last. |
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