大学英语四级词词汇重点详解·abandon

■主要用法

abandon只用作及物动词，主要用法如下：

1. 离弃，丢弃

The car was so badly damaged that it had to be abandoned as a total loss. 汽车损坏严重，只好彻底报废。

2. 遗弃，抛弃

The poor little puppy had been abandoned. 那可怜的小狗被人遗弃了。

3. 放弃：The project had to be abandoned for lack of funds. 工程因资金匮乏只得放弃。

◇abandon oneself to 沉溺于，纵情

He abandoned himself to despair. 他自暴自弃。

■考点说明

1. abandon A for B 与abandon A to B意思不同：前者表示主动地为了B而放弃A，后者表示被动地放弃A让B取得。比较：

He decided to abandon medicine for literature. 他决定弃医从文。

They abandoned their lands to the invading forces. 他们丢下了土地，遭侵略军占领。

2. abandon the car, abandon the city, abandon the village等搭配中都有冠词，而abandon ship这一结构在现代英语中通常不用冠词。

3. 习语abandon oneself to(沉溺于，纵情)中的to是介词，故后接动词时用动名词。如：

They abandon themselves to drinking. 他们沉湎于饮酒。

类似结构有(from www.yywords.com)：

apply oneself to (doing) sth 专心于做某事

devote oneself to (doing) sth 致力(献身)于做某事

resign oneself to (doing) sth 听任(顺从)做某事