although 与 though 的语法与用法

1. 用作连词，表示“虽然”，两者大致同义，可换用，只是 although 比 though 更为正式。如：

Though [Although] they’re expensive, people buy them. 虽然它们很昂贵，人们还是买。

2. although 一般不用作副词，而 though 可用作副词，表示“可是”“不过”。如：

I expect you’re right—I’ll ask him, though. 我认为你说得对——我去问问他也好。

She promised to phone. I heard nothing, though. 她答应要打电话来. 可我没听到回信儿。

这样用的though通常位于句末，但有时位于句首的though也有这样的意思。如：

他说他要付钱，然而我认为他不会付的。

正：He says he’ll pay, though I don’t think he will.

正：He says he’ll pay; I don’t think he will, though.

3. 在 as though（好像，仿佛），even though（即使，纵然）等固定短语中，不能用 although代替though。如：

She treats me as though I were a stranger. 她待我仿佛我是一个陌生人。

He’s the best teacher even though he has the least experience. 他尽管经验最少，但教得最好。

4. 两者均可用于省略句，通常见于主句与从句主语相同，且从句谓语含有动词be的情形。如：

Although [Though] (it was) built before the war, the engine is still in perfect order. 尽管是战前制造的，这台发动机仍然处于良好状态。

Although [Though] (he is) still young he is going very grey. 尽管他还年轻他的头发却已变得灰白。

Although [Though] (she was) in pain, she bravely blinked back her tears. 她虽然很疼痛，但还是硬把眼泪抑制住了。

5. 当though用于倒装形式，它不能换成although，但可换成as。

Successful though [as] he is, he is not proud. 他虽然成功，但不骄傲。

Much though [as] I like you, I couldn’t live with you. 我尽管很喜欢你, 却不能和你在一起生活。

Try though [as] I would, I could not make her change her mind. 不管我多努力，也不能让她改变主意。

Surrounded though [as] we were by the enemy, we managed to march forward. 虽然我们被敌人包围着，但我们还是设法前进了。

Raining hard though [as] it is, I’m going out for a walk. 虽然正在下着大雨，我还是要出去散步。

注意，若倒装后置于句首的是名词时，其前习惯上不用冠词或其他限定词。如：

Expert though [as] he was, he failed. 他虽是专家，但还是失败了。

Big puzzle though [as] it was, it hadn’t got the better of Jim. 虽然是个大难题，但仍没有难倒吉姆。

6. 不要按汉语“虽然……但是……”的表达习惯，在 although 后连用 but。如：

虽然他只是个业余爱好者，但却是一流的高手。

误：Although he’s only an amateur, but he’s a first-class player.

正：Although he’s only an amateur, he’s a first-class player.

但是在强调时，although 可与 yet, still 等副词连用。如：

Though he seems happy, yet he is worried. 虽然他看起来很幸福，但他实际上很烦恼。

值得一提的是，在某些特定的语境中，although 与 but 连用的句子是可能的（注：but 引出的句子在 although 从句之前）。如：

But I didn’t know that then, although I learned it later. 但我当时的确不知道此事，尽管后来还是知道了。

He wanted to go abroad, but although he had some money he couldn’t afford it. 他想出国，尽管他有些钱，但还是负担不起。