average[5AvEridV] n.1.[C]平均，平均数：An average of 10 students are absent each day. 平均每天有10个学生缺席。2.[U, C]一般标准，平均标准：Tom’s work at school is above (the) average, Jim’s is below (the) average and Jack’s is up to (the) average. 汤姆的学习成绩属于中上水平，吉姆的学习成绩属中下水平，杰克的学习成绩属中等水平。adj. 1.平均的，中等的：What was the average temperature yesterday? 昨天的平均气温是多少? 2.平常的，普通的：He is just an average student. 他只是个普通的学生。vt.平均，均分：He averages two trips a year. 他平均每年旅游两次。

avoid[E5vCid] vt. 避免，回避，躲避：I think she is avoiding me. 我想她是在躲着我。/ Try to avoid accidents. 尽量防止发生事故。/ It was impossible to avoid being affected. 要想不受影响是不可能的。

【说明】后接动词时要用动名词，不能用不定式。

awake[E5weik] v.醒来，唤醒，弄醒：I usually awake early. 我通常醒得很早。/ The noise awoke me. 那声音把我吵醒了。adj.醒的，清醒的：He wasn’t awake yet. 他还没醒。 / Are you fully awake to the danger you’re in? 你充分意识到你自己所处的危险了吗？

【说明】1.用作动词时，相当于 wake up，但本身通常不与副词 up 连用。2.用作形容词时，只用作表语，不作定语；要表示“完全醒着”，不用 very 修饰，而用 wide, fully, thoroughly 等修饰：I was wide awake then. 我当时完全是醒的。

award[E5wC:d] n.[C]奖(品)，奖励：The film won an Oscar award for 1985. 这部电影获1985年奥斯卡金像奖。 vt.1.颁发，发给，授予：He was awarded the prize for being the fastest runner. 他跑得最快，所以得了奖。2.判给(赔偿)：The court awarded him damages of $5000. 法庭判给他5000美元赔偿费。

away[E5wei] adv.1.离开，不在：He is away on holiday. 他外出度假了。2.(距)…远：The station is two kilometers away. 车站离此两公里远。/ My birthday is two months away. 我的生日还有两个月。3.…掉，到别处：Don’t throw the box away. 别把盒子扔掉。

【说明】与某些表示运动的动词(如 run, walk, go, rush, ride, drive, move 等)连用，相当于off：He rushed away (=off). 他跑开了。

awesome[5R:sEm] adj.可怕的，有威严的，令人敬畏的：an awesome storm 可怕的风暴 / His strength was awesome. 他的力气大得吓人。

awful[5R:fl] adj.1.可怕的，吓人的：It was an awful accident. 那是一次可怕的事故。2.(口语)极差的，糟糕的：That’s an awful book. 那是一本很糟糕的书。adv. (口语)非常，极其：I’m awful glad you came. 你来了，我非常高兴。

awkward[5R:kwEd] adj.1.笨拙的，不灵活的，不熟练的：I was always an awkward dancer. 我跳舞一向笨手笨脚的。2.设计不当的，使用不便的：The pan is an awkward shape. 这个锅的形状用起来不方便。3.造成尴尬(困难、不便)的：He came to visit us at an awkward time. 他在我们很不方便的时候来了。4.感到尴尬(难为情、不好意思)的：I realized they wanted to be alone together so I felt very awkward. 我意识到他们想要单独在一起，所以觉得很尴尬。

B

baby[5beibi] n.[C]婴儿 2.(作定语)小型，微型，婴儿用的：a baby car 小型汽车 / baby food 婴儿食物

bachelor[5bAtFElE] n. 1.[C]单身汉：He remained a bachelor all his life. 他做了一辈子单身汉。2.学士：bachelor’s degree 学士学位

back[bAk] adv. 回(原处)，向后：She walked away without looking back. 她头都没回就走了。adj.后面的：He came in by the back door. 他从后门进来。n.[C]背，后部：Let’s go round to the back. 让我们绕到后面去。

backache[5bAkeik] n.[C,U]背痛：suffer from (a) backache 患背痛

background[5bAkgraund] n.背景，幕后：I’ll need a bit more background information. 我需要再了解一点背景情况。

backward[5bAkwEd] adj.向后的，落后的：He is backward in his studies. 他功课落后。adv.向后地，相反地(=backwards)：Your hat is on backwards. 你把帽子戴倒了。

bacon[5beikEn] n.[U]咸猪肉，熏猪肉

bacterium[bAk5tiEriEm] n.[C]细菌：Many bacteria cause diseases. 许多细菌能致病。

【说明】通常以复数形式出现，复数为bacteria。

bad[bAd] adj. 1.坏的，不好的：Bad news has wings. (谚语)坏消息传得快。2.有害的：Smoking is bad for your health. 抽烟有害健康。3.腐烂的，变质的：Don’t eat bad fish. 不要吃腐烂的鱼。4.严重的：He has got a bad cold. 他患了重感冒。

【说明】为不规则副词，其比较级和最高级分别为worse和worst：I am bad at English, but she is worse. 我的英语不好，她的就更糟了。

badly[5bAdli] adv. 1.不好地，恶劣地：She did badly in the exams. 她考试成绩很糟。2.大大地，严重地：The bridge was badly damaged by the flood. 桥被洪水损坏得很严重。3.非常，极度：He wants to go abroad badly. 他非常想出国。/ She was badly hurt when she fell from the ladder. 她从梯子上跌下来，伤得很厉害。

【说明】为不规则副词，其比较级和最高级分别为worse和worst：He did worse than you. 他比你做得更糟。

badminton[5bAdmintEn] n. [U]羽毛球：The kids are playing badminton. 孩子们在打羽毛球。

bag[bAg] n. [C]书包，提包，袋子：She carried the bag upstairs. 她把袋子扛到了楼上。

baggage[5bAgidV] n.[U]行李：How much baggage do you have? 你有多少行李?

【说明】不可数名词，要表示几件行李，要借助piece：I have five pieces of baggage. 我有5件行李。

bake[beik] v.烤，烘(面包)：She bakes fresh bread every morning. 她每天早上都烤新鲜面包。

bakery[5beikEri] n. [C]面包店(房)

balance[5bAlEns] n.1.[U,C]平衡：I found it hard to keep my balance on the icy path. 我觉得在结冰的路上保持平衡很困难。2.[C]天平：Will you weigh it in the balance? 你用天平称一称好吗？

balcony[5bAlkEni] n.[C]阳台：You can see the sea from our balcony. 你从我们的阳台上就能看到大海。

ball[bC:l] n. 1.[C]球，球形物：The earth is like a ball. 地球是个球状物。2.[C]舞会：Men and women put on their best clothes to go to a ball. 男人和女人参加正式舞会时都穿上最好的衣服。

ballet[5bAlei] n.[C,U]芭蕾舞：I like opera but I’m not keen on ballet. 我喜欢歌剧，但不特别喜欢芭蕾舞。

balloon[bE5lu:n] n. [C]气球：Blow the balloon up. 把气球吹起来。

ballpoint[bC:lpCint] n. [C]圆珠笔

bamboo[bAm5bu:] n. [C,U]竹：a bamboo leaf 竹叶

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