absence的用法说明

■用作名词，用法如下：

1. [C,U]不在，缺席：

The decision was made in my absence. 这个决定是我不在的时候做出的。

You will not be paid for the full period of absence. 整个缺勤期间你不会有报酬。

She had grown accustomed to his long absences. 他长期不在家，她已经惯了。

Moran was painfully aware of Luke’s absence. 发觉卢克没来，莫兰非常难过。

2. [U]缺乏，不存在：

a conspicuous absence of evidence 明显的证据不足

The case was dismissed in the absence of any definite proof. 此案因缺乏确凿的证据而不予受理。

The absence of penalties for anti-competitive behaviour means that firms have every incentive to engage in pricefixing. 对反竞争行为不予处罚就是在鼓励各公司实行固定价格。

【常用短语】

in [during] the absence of 当…不在时，缺乏…时：

Please look after my house in [during] my absence. 我不在的时候，请照看一下我的房子。

leave of absence 请假，准假：

They’ve refused him leave of absence. 他们不准他休假。absence of mind 精神不集中，心不在焉：

Absence of mind may have bad results. 心不在焉可能会导致糟糕的结果。

【用法说明】

1. 通常为不可数名词，但表示缺席或离开的次数或时间时，为可数名词：

After an absence of seven years I went home. 外出7年后，我返回了家乡。

2. 表示做某事缺席，其后通常接介词from：

His absence from school was caused by illness. 他缺课是因为生病。

3. 比较后接介词from与in的区别：

Nothing happened during his absence from America. 在他离开美国期间，没有发生什么。

Nothing happened during his absence in America. 当他不在此地而在美国期间，没有发生什么。

【谚语】Absence makes the heart grow fonder. 久别情深。

Absence sharpens love, presence strengthens it. 相聚爱益切，离别情更深。

A servant is known by his master’s absence. 主人不在可以看出仆人的品行来。