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《实用高中英语短语与句型词典》
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act

1. act as (临时)担任,充当,起……的作用。如:

A trained dog can act as a guide to a blind person. 经过训练的狗可以担任盲人的向导。

表示担任独一无二的职务,其前通常不用冠词。如:

He acted as manager in my absence. 我不在时他担任经理。

I don’t understand their language; you’ll have to act as

interpreter. 我不懂他们的语言,你得当翻译了。

2. act for 代理(某人职务),代为(处理某事)。如:

Please act for me during my absence. 我不在时请代理我处理事务。

I acted for our captain while he was in hospital. 我们队长住院时由我代理他。

3. act out (用手势和语言)表演出来。如:

Let’s act out the story of the three bears once more. 让我们再把这三只熊的故事表演一次吧。

4. act on (upon) ……起作用,对……有效。如:

The drug acts on the stomach. 这药对胃有效。

Alcohol acts on the nervous system. 酒精对人的神经系统有影响。

5. in the act (of) 当场,正在动作时。如:

He was in the very act of starting. 他正准备动身。

He was caught in the act (of reading my private letters). (在读我的私信时)被当场抓住。

 

action

1. in action 在活动中,在进行中,在运转中,在战斗中。如:

I’ve heard he’s an excellent player but I’ve never seen him in action. 我听说他是位高手,但还从未实地见过。

The machine is now in action. 机器正在运转。

He was killed in action in France. 他在法国阵亡。

2. out of action 失去作用,出故障,不中用。如:

The engine is out of action. 发动机出了故障。

I’ve been out of action for several weeks with a broken leg. 我的腿摔折了,已经好几个星期没有工作了。

3. take action 采取行动。如:

I felt that it was time for me to take action. 我感到是我该采取行动的时候了。

Immediate action must be taken to stop the fire spreading. 必须采取行动阻止火势蔓延。

 

afford

1. afford sth 出得起(钱或时间等)做某事。如:

I can’t afford so much money. 我出不起那么多钱。

At least we can [are able to] afford a house! 至少我们还买得起一幢房子吧。

2. afford to do sth 出得起(钱或时间等)做某事。如:

We can’t afford to pay such a price. 我们付不起那么高的价。

Can you afford to lend me some money? 你能借出一些钱给我吗?

注:以上两类结构通常都与 can, be able to 等连用,且两者有时可互换。如:

I can’t afford (to buy) a new coat. 我买不起新外套。

How can you afford (to spend) the money for a car? 你怎么有钱去小汽车呢?

 

afraid

1. be afraid of sth (sb) 害怕某事(某人)。如:

Are you afraid of dogs? 你害狗吗?

There’s nothing to be afraid of. 没什么可害怕的。

比较:

He is afraid of her. 他怕她。

He is afraid with her. 跟她在一起时,他很害怕。

 

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