内部资料：高考英语词汇详解(04)

ash[AF] n. 1.[U]灰，灰末：cigarette ash 烟灰 2.(用复数)骨灰：Her ashes were scattered over the sea. 她的骨灰撒在海上。

【说明】ash 表示“灰”、“灰烬”，本来是不可数名词，但有趣的是它却通常可以用复数形式代替单数形式，且意思不变：Drop your cigarette ash [ashes] into the ashtray. 把烟灰弹在烟灰缸里。

ashamed[E5Feimd] adj. 惭愧的，难为情的：You should be ashamed of your behavior. 你应该为你的行为感到羞愧。 / Don’t be ashamed of making mistakes. 别为犯错误而难为情。/ I am quite ashamed to have to trouble you. 真不好意思，我得要麻烦你。

【说明】be ashamed of sth =对某事感到难为情，be ashamed to do sth =不好意思(做)…的。若不定式用完成式，则表示对已做过的事感到难为情：He was ashamed of having lied. / He was ashamed to have lied. 他因说谎而感到羞愧。

Asia[5eiFE] n. 亚洲：South East Asia 东南亚

Asian[5eiFEn] adj.亚洲的，亚洲人的 n.[C]亚洲人

aside[E5said] adv. 在旁边，向一边：He stepped aside to let them pass. 他往旁边站，好让他们过去。■aside from 除…以外：Aside from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill. 除了是乐趣和有益的锻炼外，游泳还是一种很有用的技能。

【说明】aside from为美国英语，在英国英语中用apart from代之。

ask[B:sk] v.1.问，询问：She asked who would like to go. 她问谁愿意去。/ You must ask if you don’t know. 你不懂就得问。2.请求，要求：Ask him to come early. 请他早点来。/ If you need any help, just ask. 你若需要帮忙，尽管说。3.邀请，约请：I asked her to dinner. 我请她吃饭。■1. ask about 询问：She asked about his health. 她询问他的健康状况。/ Can I ask about the exam results? 我可以问问考试结果吗? 2. ask for 要求，请求：He was asking for the manager. 他要找经理。

asleep[E5sli:p] adj.睡着的：He was asleep with his head on his arms. 他头枕着手臂睡着了。

【说明】1.是表语形容词，通常不能单独放在名词前作定语，不说 an asleep child，可改说a sleeping child。2.汉语的“睡得很熟”，英语习惯上用 fast [sound] asleep，而不说 very (much, very much) asleep。

aspect[5Aspekt] n 1.[C]方面：We should consider a problem in all aspects. 我们应该全面地考虑一个问题。2.[C](建筑物的)方面，方位：The house has a southern aspect. 这房子朝南。3.[C,U]外观，外貌，容貌：His face had an angry aspect. 他面带怒容。

assess[E5ses] vt.估定，评定：His annual income was assessed at ten thousand dollars. 他的年收入估定为1万美元。/ He can quickly assess a person’s character. 他可以很快地对一个人的性格作出评价。

assessment[E5sesmEnt] n.[C,U]评定，估定，意见，看法：What is your assessment of the situation? 你对时局的看法如何?

assist[E5sist] vt.帮助，援助：She assisted him in correcting the proof. 她帮助他做改校样的工作。/ I assisted my son with his homework. 我帮助儿子做作业。

【辨析】help 与 assist：1.前者为常用词，指以积极态度给予帮助；后者为正式用语，多指在提供帮助时帮助者起次要或起协助作用：Please help me arrange these papers. 请帮我整理这些文件。/ She assisted him in his experiments. 她协助他做实验。2.help (sb) to do sth和help sb in doing sth 都可用，但以前一结构为普通，且前一结构中的to通常可以省略：I helped him (to) repair [in repairing] his bike. 我帮他修自行车。3. assist (sb) to do sth 和 assist sb in doing sth 都可用，但以后一结构为普通，且前一结构中的to不可以省略：He assisted his father to wash [in washing] the car. 他帮助他父亲洗车子。

assistance[E5sistEns] n.[U]援助，帮助：come to sb’s assistance 援助某人 / give assistance (to) 给以援助 / The plan was carried out with the assistance of foreign experts. 该计划是在外国专家的帮助下进行的。

assistant[E5sistEnt] n.[C]助手，助理，助教：Who is going to be his assistant? 谁将当他的助手？/ Mary is working as my assistant. 玛丽在给我当助手。adj.助理的，辅助的：assistant engineer 助理工程师

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