内部资料：高考英语词汇详解(11)

dialog(ue)[ 5dailCg] n. 1.[U,C]对话：Most plays are written in dialogue. 大多数戏剧都是用对话写的。2.[C,U]意见交换

diamond[5daiEmEnd,5daimEnd] n.[U,C]钻石，金刚石：The ring has a large diamond in it. 这枚戒指上镶着个大钻石。

diary[5daiEri] n. 1.[C]日记：I keep a diary of my work. 我记工作日记。2.[C]日记簿，记事簿

【说明】表示“写日记”，英语通常用keep a diary，有时也用write a diary：I keep [write] a diary in English. 我用英语写日记。

dictation[dik5teiFEn] n. [C,U]听写：We’ll have a dictation today. 我们今天要听写了。/ Hand in your dictations, please. 请把你们的听写交来。/ The teacher gave us two French dictations today. 老师今天给我们作了两次法文听写。

【说明】表示听写这一行为或过程，不可数；表示听写的内容或材料，可数。

dictionary[5dikFEnEri] n.[C]词典，字典：an English-Chinese dictionary 英汉词典 / a dictionary of place names 地名词典 / You can look the word up in the dictionary. 你可以在词典里查这个词。

【说明】汉语说“查字典”，英语一般用look up a word in the dictionary或consult a dictionary。

die[dai] v. 1.死：People, animals and plants will die if they don’t have water. 人和动植物没有水就会死亡。2.渴望，巴不得马上：He is dying for something to eat. 他极想弄点东西吃。■1. die away (声音、风、光线等)渐息，渐弱：The sound of the car died away in the distance. 汽车的响声消失在远处。2. die down (慢慢)熄灭，平静下来：The fire died down. 火慢慢熄了。3. die out (家族、习俗、观念等)灭绝，绝迹：Many old customs are dying out. 许多旧习俗正在消失。

【说明】表示死因时，其后可接介词from或of：He died from a heart attack. 他死于心脏病发作。/ Her grandfather died of cancer. 她祖父死于癌症。

 diet[daiEt] n. 1.[C,U]饮食，食物：The Irish used to live on a diet of potatoes. 爱尔兰人过去以吃马铃薯为主。2.[C]特种饮食，保健食谱：go on a diet 节食 v.节食，吃限定食物：You ought to diet and take more exercise. 你应该节食并多做运动。■on a diet 用规定食谱，节食：People who are on a diet mustn’t have chocolate. 正在节食的人不能吃巧克力。

differ[d] vi. 1.相异，有区别：Tastes differ. 人各有所好。/ Wisdom differs from cunning. 智慧不同于狡猾。2.不同意，持异议：I’m sorry to differ from you about [on, over] this question. 对不起，关于这个问题我与你的看法不同。

【说明】表示“与…有区别”，后接介词from；表示“与…意见不同”，可后接介词from或with：Steel differs from iron. 钢与铁不同。/ He always differs with [from] me about how to spend the vacation. 有关如何度假的事，他和我的意见总是不和。

difference[5difErEns] n.1.[C,U]不同，差别，差异：There is much difference in character between the two men. 这两个人在性格上有很大差别。2.[C]不同意见，分歧 ■make a (no) difference 有(没有)差别，有(没有)影响，起(不起)重要作用：The sea air has made a difference to her health. 海上的空气改善了她的健康状况。

different[5difErEnt] adj.不同的，有差异的：There are three different answers. 有三种不同的答案。/ Mary is different from [than, to] Jane. 玛丽和简不同。

【说明】表示“与…不同”，英国英语可后接to，美国英语可后接than，但两者均不如用from 普遍。但是，当后接一个句子(没有引导词)时，通常用than，但是若是一个以what引导的从句，则也可用from或to：She is quite different from [to] what we thought.＝She is quite different than we thought. 她跟我们原来想象的大不一样。

difficult[5difikElt] adj. 1.困难的：I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容易。2.不易相处的：a difficult child 难对付的孩子 / Don’t be difficult; just lend us the money. 别难为人了，还是把钱借给我们吧。

【说明】表示做某事有困难，通常用It is difficult to do sth：It’s difficult (for me) to answer the question. 要(我)回答这个问题是困难的。这类句型的主语通常是it，不能是具体的人或事物，除非这个人或物与其后的不定式有动宾关系(且这个不定式必须用主动式表示被动意义)：English is difficult to learn. 英语难学。/ He is difficult to work with. 他不好共事。但不能说He is difficult to learn English.

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