内部资料：高考英语词汇详解(13)

exchange[iks5tFeindV] n. 1.[C,U]交换，互换：He gave me an apple in exchange for a piece of cake. 他用一个苹果换我一块蛋糕。2.[U]兑换：What’s the rate of exchange today? 今天的外汇率是多少? vt.交换，互换：We exchanged telephone numbers at the end of the holiday. 假期结束的时候，我们彼此记下了对方的电话号码。

【说明】1.用作动词表示“交换”时，若交换的对象为可数名词，通常要用复数形式：exchange seats(交换座位)，exchange ideas(交换意见)；若交换的对象为不可数名词，则不用复数：exchange information(交换信息)。2. exchange A for B=用A换B，其中A是被更换的东西，B是要换来的东西：I bought this coat yesterday and I wanted to exchange it for a blue one. 这件外套我是昨天买的，我想换件蓝色的。

excite[ik5sait] vt.使兴奋，使激动：Don’t excite yourself. 不要激动。/ The news excited everybody. 这消息使每个人都很兴奋。

excited[ik5saitid]adj.激动的，兴奋的：What are you so excited about? 什么事你这样激动? / The excited children were opening their presents. 孩子们兴奋地拆开他们的礼物。

exciting[ik5saitiN]adj.令人激动的，令人兴奋的：The idea was very exciting. 这想法是非常激动人心。/ That was the most exciting film of the year. 这是这一年最激动人心的电影。

【辨析】excited与exciting：前者指感到兴奋的，后者指令人兴奋的。比较：an exciting voice=令人激动的声音(指该voice会使听话人激动)，an excited voice=激动的声音(指发出这个voice的人很激动)。

excuse[ik5skju:s] n. [C,U]借口，托辞：He found an excuse and left. 他借故离开。/ Do you have any excuse for coming so late? 你来这么晚，有什么理由吗? vt.[ik5skju:z]1.原谅，宽恕：Please excuse my bad handwriting. 请你原谅我的字写得不好。2.免除(做)，同意(不做)：The teacher excused me from (attending) the meeting. 老师同意我不参加会议。

【说明】后接动词作宾语时，要用动名词(可带逻辑主语)：Excuse me for coming late.=Excuse my coming late. 来迟了，对不起。

exercise[5eksEsaiz] n. 1.[U]锻炼，运动，训练：Walking is good exercise. 散步是很好的运动。2.[C](常用复)做操，体操：Have you done your exercises today? 你今天做操了吗？3.[C]练习(题)，训练：You’re to hand in your exercises tomorrow. 你们明天要交练习。vi.锻炼：He exercises twice a day. 他每天锻炼两次。

exhibition[7eksi5biFEn] n. [C]展览，展览会：have [hold, give, put on] an exhibition 举办展览 / go to an exhibition 去看展览 / a painting exhibition 画展■on exhibition 展览中：Some of the children’s paintings are now on exhibition at the school. 学生的一些图画正在学校展览。

exist[ig5zist] vi.存在，有：We don’t believe that God exists. 我们不相信有上帝存在。/ Salt exists mostly in sea water. 海水中存在的盐分最多。

existence[ig5zist] n. [U]存在，生存：Do you believe in the existence of ghosts? 你相信有鬼吗？The elephant is the largest land animal in existence. 大象是现有的最大的陆地动物。

exit[ig5zit] n. 1.[C]出口，太平门：Where’s the exit? 出口在哪儿？/ 2.[C]退场，离去：He made his exit from the room with a bow. 他鞠了个躬就走出房间。

expand[ik5spAnd] v.(使)扩大，(使)膨胀：Iron expands when it is heated. 铁加热就膨胀。/ The company has expanded its operations in Atlanta by building a new factory there. 公司在亚特兰大建了一座新工厂扩大了业务。

expect[ik5spekt] vt. 1.预料，期望：It’s not so difficult as I expected. 这不如我所想像的那么困难。/ She’s expecting a baby in June. 她六月份就要生孩子了。2.认为，猜想：“Will he come today?” “ I expect (don’t expect) so. ”“他今天会回来吗?”“我想会来(不会来)。”

【说明】1. do you expect与疑问词连用时，疑问词应位于句首，而不是位于句中：When do you expect to leave? 你想什么时候离开?(不说Do you expect when you will leave?) 2.可用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的想法和打算：I had expected to come early, but I missed the early bus. 我本来想早点来的，但未赶上早班车。

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